Choose a commodity to shade producing countries by risk and trace trade flows.
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How to use this map
See where risk sits in a commodity's trade
For any commodity, the map shows which countries carry financial-crime risk as producers and which are exposed to it through trade.
Choose a commodity in the panel on the left to shade the world by risk.
Filter by a risk type if you want to isolate a single category, such as forced labour or corruption.
Click any country to trace its trade flows and see the risks it carries or is exposed to.
Start by selecting a commodity on the left.
Methodology
Environmental Crime Map
About This Tool
The Environmental Crime Map presents the trade flows and financial crime risks of commodity supply chains on an interactive world map. Selecting a commodity shades every country by its risk level for that commodity. Selecting a country focuses the map on that country's own trade relationships — the sources it imports from and the markets it exports to — and lists each relationship alongside the risks attached to it. The tool is designed to help users locate where risk sits in a commodity's geography and trace how it moves between trading partners. It draws on the same underlying data as the Country Risk Assessment and Supply Chain Risk Explorer tools.
Scope
The map covers twelve commodity groups associated with two categories of environmental crime: land conversion and deforestation (cattle, soy, palm oil, timber, cocoa, coffee, rubber, and avocado) and illegal mining (gold, cobalt, coltan, and rare earth minerals). Risk assessments have been completed for 65 source countries, chosen on the basis of their relevance to these commodity flows and the availability of risk information. The map also shows significant trading partners beyond those 65 — all major sources and destinations from UN Comtrade data — whether or not they have been risk-assessed. Countries without a risk assessment are shown in teal.
Trade Data
Trade flow data is sourced from UN Comtrade, using the most recent available annual data (2024). Commodities are mapped to their relevant Harmonised System (HS) codes — for example, coffee is HS 0901, unwrought gold is HS 7108. Trade volumes are expressed in tonnes and are used to scale the width of the flow lines. The map draws the combined set of flows shown in the Explorer's risk-assessed and all-major-sources views, deduplicated so that each trading relationship appears once.
How Countries Are Coloured
Colouring is applied per selected commodity. A country is shaded by the higher of two things: the assessed risk of what it produces domestically, and its exposure to risk through the goods it imports.
Solid fill — the assessed risk of what the country produces domestically (High or Medium).
Lighter shade — risk the country does not originate but is exposed to, either by importing the commodity from higher-risk sources or by re-exporting higher-risk goods onward. A lighter version of the same colour is used, so the hue still shows the level of the incoming risk.
Risk Not Identified (grey) — the country is assessed for the commodity and no risk was identified.
Not Assessed (teal) — no risk assessment exists for that country and commodity, including countries outside the commodity's traded set.
Focus View and Trade Flows
Selecting a country isolates its trade network for the chosen commodity. Flow lines are drawn between the selected country and its direct trading partners; line width scales with trade volume, arrowheads indicate the direction of trade, and colour follows the risk of the source of each flow. Within this view colour is relative to the selected country: each partner is shaded by the risk of its specific trade with that country. A country may therefore appear differently depending on whose network is being viewed, reflecting that a clean supplier in one relationship may itself be exposed in another. The detail panel lists the country's exports and imports for the commodity, with volumes and the risk attached to each partner.
Risk Ratings
Risk ratings are assigned through a combination of third-party indices and qualitative research by our in-house team. Index scores — including the Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index, the World Justice Project Rule of Law Index, and the Global Organized Crime Index — are used as quantitative inputs alongside assessments drawing on open-source intelligence, NGO and government reporting, academic literature, and regulatory guidance.
Ratings are assigned at two levels: High (risk has been referenced by academic researchers, multilateral governance organisations or law enforcement agencies as high, or verifiable and reliable sources have reported specific cases of the risk occurring) and Medium (while widespread evidence of a specific intersection was not identified, there is an overall risk in the broader sector, country or financial crime landscape). Where no credible risk evidence was identified, the country is shown as Risk Not Identified.
Country Inclusion
Countries with a completed risk profile are shaded by their rating; significant trading partners without a completed profile are shown as not assessed (teal). Some large exporters — such as Australia for gold — fall outside the scope of high-risk jurisdictions covered by the current research and are shown as not assessed rather than risk-free. The absence of an assessment should not be interpreted as the absence of risk; this toolkit continues to expand as new country assessments are completed. Destination countries are the major importers by volume and are not independently risk-assessed; on the map their colour reflects the risk of the goods reaching them, not an assessment of the destination itself. Aggregate trade partners with no fixed location, such as "Other Europe, nes", are counted in the data but cannot be placed on the map.
Limitations
Trade data reflects officially reported flows and will not capture smuggling, mislabelled shipments, or other forms of trade-based concealment — which are themselves forms of financial crime relevant to these commodities. Exposure colouring shows where risk enters a country's supply through trade; it indicates a correlation between risky sourcing and a country's imports, not a physical trace of specific shipments. Risk ratings reflect the state of publicly available information at the time of research and may not capture emerging risks or recent developments. The availability of reliable, open-source information varies across countries and commodity intersections, which has been factored into how ratings are assigned. For full risk narratives and underlying sources, use the Country Risk Assessment tool.